Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels in the retina, which can lead to vision loss if left untreated. High blood sugar levels damage the retinal blood vessels, causing them to leak or become blocked. In the early stages, there may be no noticeable symptoms, but as the condition progresses, it can lead to blurry vision, dark spots, and even blindness. Regular eye exams are essential for people with diabetes to detect diabetic retinopathy early, as early intervention can help prevent significant vision loss and preserve eye health.